1번부터 17번까지는 듣고 답하는 문제입니다. 1번부터 15번까지는 한 번만 들려주고, 16번부터 17번까지는 두 번 들려줍니다. 방송을 잘 듣고 답을 하시기 바랍니다.

고 1	영어 영역

	영어 영역	고 1

8

8

2018학년도 9월 고1 전국연합학력평가 문제지

영어 영역

제 3 교시

1. 대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

① No, they have many members.

② Yes, they’re responsible for the loss.

③ I don’t think I should do it that way.

④ I’m pretty sure. They’re the best team.

⑤ Don’t worry. We already finished the final.

2. 대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

① We should have canceled it.

② I don’t have time for dinner tonight.

③ Then we have to go to the other one.

④ It’s better to close our shop tomorrow.

⑤ You’re welcome if you come on Friday.

3. 다음을 듣고, 남자가 하는 말의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것을   고르시오.

① 횡단보도 위치 변경을 안내하려고

② 무단 횡단을 하지 않도록 당부하려고

③ 신호등 추가 설치 위치를 공지하려고

④ 학교 앞 도로 제한 속도 준수를 촉구하려고

⑤ 교통사고로 다친 학생의 후원금을 모금하려고

4. 대화를 듣고, 여자의 의견으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

① 공상 과학 소설을 읽으면 과학에 대한 흥미를 키울 수 있다.

② 다양한 주제의 책을 읽는 것이 창의력 향상에 도움이 된다.

③ 책을 읽을 때에는 배경지식을 활용하는 것이 중요하다.

④ 꾸준한 독서를 통해 작문 실력을 향상시킬 수 있다.

⑤ 책의 내용을 반복해서 읽어야 기억에 오래 남는다.

5. 대화를 듣고, 두 사람의 관계를 가장 잘 나타낸 것을 고르시오.

① 손님 - 의류매장 직원          ② 의상 디자이너 - 패션모델

③ 무대 연출가 - 안무가	④ 사진 작가 - 잡지사 편집장

⑤ 메이크업 아티스트 - 배우

6. 대화를 듣고, 그림에서 대화의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오.

7. 대화를 듣고, 여자가 할 일로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

① 지하철 노선 알아보기       ② 일기 예보 확인하기

③ 미술관 입장권 예매하기     ④ 주차 장소 검색하기

⑤ 관람할 전시회 찾아보기

8. 대화를 듣고, 남자가 Jamie의 송별회에 갈 수 없는 이유를 고르시오.

① 남동생을 돌봐야 해서

② 과학 숙제를 해야 해서

③ 할아버지 병문안을 가야 해서

④ 부모님을 병원에 모시고 가야 해서

⑤ 친구에게 줄 선물을 준비하기 위해서

9. 대화를 듣고, 여자가 지불할 금액을 고르시오.

① $216    ② $225    ③ $240    ④ $250    ⑤ $270

10. 대화를 듣고, Junior Winter Camp에 관해 언급되지 않은 것을 고르시오.

① 목적            ② 활동 종류              ③ 참가비

④ 신청 방법       ⑤ 등록 가능 인원

11. Upcycling Challenge 2018에 관한 다음 내용을 듣고, 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오. [3점]

① 개인 또는 팀으로 참가할 수 있다.

② 출품작은 10월 25일까지 제출해야 한다.

③ 참가 신청서는 교무실에서 받아갈 수 있다.

④ 세 명의 심사위원이 학교장상 수상작을 정한다.

⑤ 수상자는 학교 게시판에 발표된다.

12. 다음 표를 보면서 대화를 듣고, 두 사람이 구입할 텀블러를 고르시오.

	Tumblers
	Model	Capacity (liters)	Materials	Hand Grip	Price
①	A	0.5	stainless steel	×	$28
②	B	0.5	stainless steel	○	$33
③	C	0.75	ceramic	○	$38
④	D	0.75	stainless steel	○	$42
⑤	E	1	ceramic	×	$45

13. 대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점]

Woman:

① Are you serious? I should change my topic.

② Try to add new information to the final slide.

③ You’ve got the point. The simpler, the better.

④ I’m wondering why you rewrote your conclusion.

⑤ Don’t get me wrong. I was too busy to help you.

14. 대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점]

Man:

① No problem. He’ll call you in the morning.

② Okay, we will find a charity event to join.

③ Really? He must have forgotten to inform you.

④ Thanks. I’ll ask him if it’s available in the afternoon.

⑤ Well, I think we should delay the school festival for now.

15. 다음 상황 설명을 듣고, Jane이 Brian에게 할 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Jane:

① May I use your car tomorrow?

② Did you fill up my car with gas?

③ Can you pick me up on your way home?

④ Could you check if my credit card is in the car?

⑤ Would you mind calling the card company for me?

[16~17] 다음을 듣고, 물음에 답하시오.

16. 여자가 하는 말의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?

① animals that survive the cold by sleeping

② endangered animals in harsh conditions

③ reasons why animals live in groups

④ ways to conserve wild animals

⑤ night life of wild animals

17. 언급된 동물이 아닌 것은?

① frogs    ② bears   ③ bats   ④ snakes   ⑤ squirrels

이제 듣기 문제가 끝났습니다. 18번부터는 문제지의 지시에 따라 답을 하시기 바랍니다.

18. 다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?

Dear Mr. Stevens,

This is a reply to your inquiry about the shipment status of the desk you purchased at our store on September 26. Unfortunately, the delivery of your desk will take longer than expected due to the damage that occurred during the shipment from the furniture manufacturer to our warehouse. We have ordered an exact replacement from the manufacturer, and we expect that delivery will take place within two weeks. As soon as the desk arrives, we will telephone you immediately and arrange a convenient delivery time. We regret the inconvenience this delay has caused you.

Sincerely,

Justin Upton

① 영업시간 변경을 공지하려고

② 고객 서비스 만족도를 조사하려고

③ 상품의 배송 지연에 대해 설명하려고

④ 구매한 상품의 환불 절차를 안내하려고

⑤ 배송된 상품의 파손에 대해 항의하려고

19. 다음 글에 드러난 Garnet의 심경 변화로 가장 적절한 것은?

Garnet blew out the candles and lay down. It was too hot even for a sheet. She lay there, sweating, listening to the empty thunder that brought no rain, and whispered, “I wish the drought would end.” Late in the night, Garnet had a feeling that something she had been waiting for was about to happen. She lay quite still, listening. The thunder rumbled again, sounding much louder. And then slowly, one by one, as if someone were dropping pennies on the roof, came the raindrops. Garnet held her breath hopefully. The sound paused. “Don’t stop! Please!” she whispered. Then the rain burst strong and loud upon the world. Garnet leaped out of bed and ran to the window. She shouted with joy, “It’s raining hard!” She felt as though the thunderstorm was a present.

① wishful   → excited         ② embarrassed → proud

③ ashamed  → satisfied             ④ indifferent   → frightened

⑤ grateful   → disappointed

20. 다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

How do you encourage other people when they are changing their behavior? Suppose you see a friend who is on a diet and has been losing a lot of weight. It’s tempting to tell her that she looks great and she must feel wonderful. It feels good for someone to hear positive comments, and this feedback will often be encouraging. However, if you end the discussion there, then the only feedback your friend is getting is about her progress toward an outcome. Instead, continue the discussion. Ask about what she is doing that has allowed her to be successful. What is she eating? Where is she working out? What are the lifestyle changes she has made? When the conversation focuses on the process of change rather than the outcome, it reinforces the value of creating a sustainable process.

① 상대방의 감정을 고려하여 조언해야 한다.

② 토론 중에는 지나치게 공격적인 질문을 삼가야 한다.

③ 효과적인 다이어트를 위해 구체적인 계획을 세워야 한다.

④ 지속적인 성장을 위해서는 단점보다 장점에 집중해야 한다.

⑤ 행동을 바꾸려는 사람과는 과정에 초점을 두어 대화해야 한다.

21. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?

It might seem that praising your child’s intelligence or talent would boost his selfesteem and motivate him. But it turns out that this sort of praise backfires. Carol Dweck and her colleagues have demonstrated the effect in a series of experimental studies: “When we praise kids for their ability, kids become more cautious. They avoid challenges.” It’s as if they are afraid to do anything that might make them fail and lose your high appraisal. Kids might also get the message that intelligence or talent is something that people either have or don’t have. This leaves kids feeling helpless when they make mistakes. What’s the point of trying to improve if your mistakes indicate that you lack intelligence?

① 놀이 시간의 부족은 아이의 인지 발달을 지연시킨다.

② 구체적인 칭찬은 아이의 자존감 발달에 도움이 된다.

③ 아이의 능력에 맞는 도전 과제를 제시할 필요가 있다.

④ 자신의 잘못을 인정하는 태도는 꾸준한 대화를 통해 길러진다.

⑤ 아이의 지능과 재능에 대한 칭찬은 아이에게 부정적 영향을 끼친다.

22. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?

Fast fashion refers to trendy clothes designed, created, and sold to consumers as quickly as possible at extremely low prices. Fast fashion items may not cost you much at the cash register, but they come with a serious price: tens of millions of people in developing countries, some just children, work long hours in dangerous conditions to make them, in the kinds of factories often labeled sweatshops. Most garment workers are paid barely enough to survive. Fast fashion also hurts the environment. Garments are manufactured using toxic chemicals and then transported around the globe, making the fashion industry the world’s secondlargest polluter, after the oil industry. And millions of tons of discarded clothing piles up in landfills each year.

* sweatshop: 노동착취공장

① problems behind the fast fashion industry

② positive impacts of fast fashion on lifestyle

③ reasons why the fashion industry is growing

④ the need for improving working environment

⑤ the seriousness of air pollution in developing countries

23. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

If you want to protect yourself from colds and flu, regular exercise may be the ultimate immunitybooster. Studies have shown that moderate aerobic exercise can more than halve your risk for respiratory infections and other common winter diseases. But when you feel sick, the story changes. “Exercise is great for prevention, but it can be lousy for therapy,” says David Nieman, the director of the Human Performance Lab. Research shows that moderate exercise has no effect on the duration or severity of the common cold. If you have the flu or other forms of fevercausing systemic infections, exercise can slow recovery and, therefore, is a bad idea. Your immune system is working overtime to fight off the infection, and exercise, a form of physical stress, makes that task harder.

* respiratory: 호흡기의

** lousy: 나쁜

① Signs You’re Exercising Too Much

② Exercising When Sick: A Good Move?

③ Power Foods That Boost Your Immunity

④ Why You Should Start Working Out Now

⑤ Cold Symptoms: Sore Throat, Cough, and More

24. 다음 도표의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

Top Turkish Cities Receiving Tourists

The above graph shows the number of tourists who visited Istanbul and Antalya, the top two most-visited cities in Turkey, from 2013 to 2016. ① The number of tourists to each city was over one hundred thousand every year between 2013 and 2015. ② The city that received the higher number of tourists in 2013 was Antalya, but in the following three years, Istanbul received more tourists than Antalya did. ③  While the number of tourists to Istanbul increased steadily from 2013 to 2015, Antalya received less tourists in 2015 compared to the previous year. ④ Interestingly, in 2016, the number of tourists dropped to less than one hundred thousand for both cities. ⑤ In particular, the number of tourists to Antalya in 2016 was only one-third the number from 2013.

25. Eddie Adams에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

Eddie Adams was born in New Kensington, Pennsylvania. He developed his passion for photography in his teens, when he became a staff photographer for his high school paper. After graduating, he joined the United States Marine Corps, where he captured scenes from the Korean War as a combat photographer. In 1958, he became staff at the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, a daily evening newspaper published in Philadelphia. In 1962, he joined the Associated Press (AP), and after 10 years, he left the AP to work as a freelancer for Time magazine. The Saigon Execution photo that he took in Vietnam earned him the Pulitzer Prize for Spot News Photography in 1969. He shot more than 350 covers of magazines with portraits of political leaders such as Deng Xiaoping, Richard Nixon, and George Bush.

① 10대 시절에 사진에 대한 열정을 키웠다.

② 종군 사진 기자로 한국전쟁의 장면을 촬영했다.

③ 1962년부터 Time 잡지사에서 일했다.

④ 베트남에서 촬영한 사진으로 퓰리처상을 받았다.

⑤ 정치 지도자들의 잡지 표지용 사진을 촬영했다.

26. Shoes For Schools에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

Your used shoes can go a long way!

Brooks High School students! Do you have old or unwanted shoes? Donate them for children in Africa. The profits from reselling the shoes will be used to build schools in Africa.

WHAT

* You can give away all types of shoes such as sneakers,  sandals, boots, etc.

WHERE

* You can drop shoes off in the collection box on the first floor of the main building.

WHEN

* Between 8:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. throughout this semester

* Shoes will be picked up on Tuesdays every two weeks.

HOW

* The shoes you donate need to be in a plastic bag.

For more information, please call 413-367-1391.

Thank you for your participation.

① 수익금은 아프리카에 학교를 짓는 데 쓰인다.

② 모든 종류의 신발을 기증할 수 있다.

③ 신발 수거함은 본관 1층에 있다.

④ 매주 화요일에 신발을 수거한다.

⑤ 기증하는 신발은 비닐봉지에 담겨 있어야 한다.

27. Big TV Discount Deal에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과 일치하는 것은?

		Discount Deal

Don’t miss this special opportunity to buy a premium TV at a low price. Available only for a limited period of time!

Promotion Information

□ Premium Specification & Low Price

65inch 4K Smart LED TV (2018 Model)

Price: $900 (Regular Price: $1,200)

□ Promotion Period

From August 1 to August 31

□ Longterm Installment Purchase

If the price is still too expensive to be paid all at once, you can choose to pay monthly over up to six months.

□ Delivery and Installation

Delivery is free. If you want the TV installed, there is an additional $50 fee.

□ Free Gift

A free bluetooth headset that works perfectly with the TV will be given to every buyer.

① 정상가격에서 200달러 할인된 가격에 판매한다.

② 판매 촉진 행사는 두 달 동안 진행한다.

③ 할부 구매는 최대 12개월까지 가능하다.

④ 배송을 원하면 추가로 50달러를 지불해야 한다.

⑤ 모든 구매자에게 블루투스 헤드셋을 무료로 준다.

28. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

My dad worked very late hours as a musician ― until about three in the morning ― so he slept late on weekends. As a result, we didn’t have much of a relationship when I was young other than him constantly nagging me to take care of chores like mowing the lawn and cutting the hedges, ① which I hated. He was a responsible man ② dealing with an irresponsible kid. Memories of how we interacted ③ seems funny to me today. For example, one time he told me to cut the grass and I decided ④ to do just the front yard and postpone doing the back, but then it rained for a couple days and the backyard grass became so high I had to cut it with a sickle. That took so long ⑤ that by the time I was finished, the front yard was too high to mow, and so on.

* sickle: 낫

29. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?

People are innately inclined to look for causes of events, to form explanations and stories. That is one reason storytelling is such a ① persuasive medium. Stories resonate with our experiences and provide examples of new instances. From our experiences and the stories of others we tend to form      ② generalizations about the way people behave and things work. We attribute causes to events, and as long as these causeandeffect ③ pairings make sense, we use them for understanding future events. Yet these causal attributions are often mistaken. Sometimes they implicate the ④ wrong causes, and for some things that happen, there is no single cause. Rather, there is a complex chain of events that all contribute to the result; if any one of the events would not have occurred, the result would be ⑤ similar. But even when there is no single causal act, that doesn’t stop people from assigning one.

* resonate: 떠올리게 하다

** implicate: 연관시키다

30. 밑줄 친 부분이 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?

Leaving a store, I returned to my car only to find that I’d locked my car key and cell phone inside the vehicle. A teenager riding his bike saw me kick a tire in frustration. “What’s wrong?” ① he asked. I explained my situation. “But even if I could call my husband,” I said, “he can’t bring me his car key, since this is our only car.” ② He handed me his cell phone. The thoughtful boy said, “Call your husband and tell him I’m coming to get ③ his key.” “Are you sure? That’s four miles round trip.” “Don’t worry about it.” An hour later, he returned with the key. I offered ④ him some money, but he refused. “Let’s just say I needed the exercise,” he said. Then, like a cowboy in the movies, ⑤ he rode off into the sunset.

[31~34] 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

31. One CEO in one of Silicon Valley’s most innovative companies has what would seem like a boring, creativitykilling routine. He holds a threehour meeting that starts at 9:00 A.M. one day a week. It is never missed or rescheduled at a different time. It is mandatory ― so much so that even in this global firm all the executives know never to schedule any travel that will conflict with the meeting. At first glance there is nothing particularly unique about this. But what is unique is the quality of ideas that come out of                         . Because the CEO has eliminated the mental cost involved in planning the meeting or thinking about who will or won’t be there, people can focus on creative problem solving. [3점]

① consumer complaints

② the regular meetings

③ traveling experiences

④ flexible working hours

⑤ the financial incentives

32. When meeting someone in person, body language experts say that smiling can portray confidence and warmth. Online, however, smiley faces could be doing some serious damage to your career. In a new study, researchers found that using smiley faces                         . The study says, “contrary to actual smiles, smileys do not increase perceptions of warmth and actually decrease perceptions of competence.” The report also explains, “Perceptions of low competence, in turn, lessened information sharing.” Chances are, if you are including a smiley face in an email for work, the last thing you want is for your coworkers to think that you are so inadequate that they chose not to share information with you. [3점]

① makes you look incompetent

② causes conflict between generations

③ clarifies the intention of the message

④ results in low scores in writing tests

⑤ helps create a casual work environment

33. How funny are you? While some people are natural humorists, being funny is a set of skills that can be learned. Exceptionally funny people don’t depend upon their memory to keep track of everything they find funny. In the olden days, great comedians carried notebooks to write down funny thoughts or observations and scrapbooks for news clippings that struck them as funny. Today, you can do that easily with your smartphone. If you have a funny thought, record it as an audio note. If you read a funny article, save the link in your bookmarks. The world is a funny place and your existence within it is probably funnier. Accepting that fact is a blessing that gives you everything you need to see humor and craft stories on a daily basis. All you have to do is                         .

[3점]

① keep away from new technology

② take risks and challenge yourself

③ have friendly people close to you

④ document them and then tell someone

⑤ improve interpersonal relationship at work

34. If you ask a physicist how long it would take a marble to fall from the top of a tenstory building, he will likely answer the question by assuming that the marble falls in a vacuum.  In reality, the building is surrounded by air, which applies friction to the falling marble and slows it down. Yet the physicist will point out that the friction on the marble is so small that its effect is negligible. Assuming the marble falls in a vacuum simplifies the problem without substantially affecting the answer. Economists make assumptions for the same reason: Assumptions can simplify the complex world and make it easier to understand. To study the effects of international trade, for example, we might assume that the world consists of only two countries and that each country produces only two goods. By doing so, we can _________________________________. Thus, we are in a better position to understand international trade in the complex world. [3점]

* negligible: 무시할 수 있는

① prevent violations of consumer rights

② understand the value of cultural diversity

③ guarantee the safety of experimenters in labs

④ focus our thinking on the essence of the problem

⑤ realize the differences between physics and economics

35. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?

Water is the ultimate commons. Once, watercourses seemed boundless and the idea of protecting water was considered silly. But rules change. Time and again, communities have studied water systems and redefined wise use. ①  Now Ecuador has become the first nation on Earth to put the rights of nature in its constitution. ② This move has proclaimed that rivers and forests are not simply property but maintain their own right to flourish. ③ Developing a waterbased transportation system will modernize Ecuador’s transportation infrastructure. ④ According to the constitution, a citizen might file suit on behalf of an injured watershed, recognizing that its health is crucial to the common good. ⑤ More countries are acknowledging nature’s rights and are expected to follow Ecuador’s lead.

* commons: 공유 자원

** watershed: (강) 유역

[36~37] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

36.

No one likes to think they’re average, least of all below average.

(A) Over the days and weeks from our resolution to change, we start to notice it popping up again and again. The old habit’s wellpracticed performance is beating our conscious desire for change into submission.

(B) This overconfidence in selfcontrol can lead people to assume they’ll be able to control themselves in situations in which, it turns out, they can’t. This is why trying to stop an unwanted habit can be an extremely frustrating task.

(C)  When asked by psychologists, most people rate themselves above average on all manner of measures including intelligence, looks, health, and so on. Selfcontrol is no different: people consistently overestimate their ability to control themselves.

① (A) - (C) - (B)	② (B) - (A) - (C)

③ (B) - (C) - (A)	④ (C) - (A) - (B)

⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

37.

Trade will not occur unless both parties want what the other party has to offer.

(A) However, if the farmer is enterprising and utilizes his network of village friends, he might discover that the baker is in need of some new castiron trivets for cooling his bread, and it just so happens that the blacksmith needs a new lamb’s wool sweater.

(B) This is referred to as the double coincidence of wants. Suppose a farmer wants to trade eggs with a baker for a loaf of bread. If the baker has no need or desire for eggs, then the farmer is out of luck and does not get any bread.

(C) Upon further investigation, the farmer discovers that the weaver has been wanting an omelet for the past week. The farmer will then trade the eggs for the sweater, the sweater for the trivets, and the trivets for his freshbaked loaf of bread.

* trivet: 삼각 거치대

① (A) - (C) - (B)	② (B) - (A) - (C)

③ (B) - (C) - (A)	④ (C) - (A) - (B)

⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

[38~39] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.

38.

However, thinking about it this way overlooks debt among people in lowincome brackets who have no other way than debt to acquire basic necessities of life.

Have you heard someone say, “He has no one to blame but himself” for some problem? In everyday life we often blame people for “creating” their own problems. ( ① ) Although individual behavior can contribute to social problems, our individual experiences are often largely beyond our own control. ( ② ) They are determined by society as a whole ― by its historical development and its organization. ( ③ ) If a person sinks into debt because of overspending or credit card abuse, other people often consider the problem to be the result of the individual’s personal failings. ( ④ ) By contrast, at middle and upperincome levels, overspending takes on a variety of meanings typically influenced by what people think of as essential for their wellbeing and associated with the socalled “good life” that is so heavily marketed. ( ⑤ ) But across income and wealth levels, largerscale economic and social problems may affect the person’s ability to pay for consumer goods and services. [3점]

39.

So a patient whose heart has stopped can no longer be regarded as dead.

Traditionally, people were declared dead when their hearts stopped beating, their blood stopped circulating and they stopped breathing.

( ① )

So doctors would listen for a heartbeat, or occasionally conduct the famous mirror test to see if there were any signs of moisture from the potential deceased’s breath.

( ② )

It is commonly known that when people’s hearts stop and they breathe their last, they are dead.

( ③ )

But in the last halfcentury, doctors have proved time and time again that they can revive many patients whose hearts have stopped beating by various techniques such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

( ④ )

Instead, the patient is said to be ‘clinically dead’.

( ⑤ )

Someone who is only clinically dead can often be brought back to life.

* cardiopulmonary resuscitation: 심폐소생술(CPR)

40. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? [3점]

At the Leipzig Zoo in Germany, 34 zoo chimpanzees and orangutans participating in a study were each individually tested in a room, where they were put in front of two boxes. An experimenter would place an object inside one box and leave the room. Another experimenter would enter the room, move the object into the other box and exit. When the first experimenter returned and tried retrieving the object from the first box, the great ape would help the experimenter open the second box, which it knew the object had been transferred to. However, most apes in the study did not help the first experimenter open the second box if the first experimenter was still in the room to see the second experimenter move the item. The findings show the great apes understood when the first experimenter still thought the item was where he or she last left it.

□

According to the study, great apes can distinguish whether or not people have a(n)

(A)

belief about reality and use this understanding to

(B)

people.

	(A)		(B)
①	false	……	help
②	ethical	……	obey
③	scientific	……	imitate
④	irrational	……	deceive
⑤	widespread	……	correct

[41~42] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

It’s reasonable to assume that every adult alive today has, at some point in their life, expressed or heard from someone else a variation of the following: “Where did all the time go?” “I can’t believe it’s the New Year. Time flies!” “Enjoy it. One day you’ll wake up and you’ll be 50.” While different on the surface, the sentiment behind these phrases is the same: time feels like it moves faster as we get older. But why does this happen? According to psychologist Robert Ornstein, the speed of time and our perception of it is heavily influenced by how much new information is available for our minds to absorb and process. In essence, the more new information we take in, the slower time feels. This theory could explain in part why time feels slower for children. Assigned the enormous task of absorbing and processing all this new perceptual and sensory information around them, their brains are continuously alert and attentive. Why? Because everything is

. Consider the mind of a child: having experienced so little, the world is a mysterious and fascinating place. Adults and children may live in the same world, but reality for a child is vastly different ― full of wonders and curiosities and miraculous little events that most adults ignore. Perhaps this is why we think so fondly about the joy of childhood, that freedom of mind and body before the world becomes familiar and predictable.

41. 윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① New Approach for Antiaging

② Time Can Solve Every Concern

③ Time Management with Smart Devices

④ Reasonable Science behind Time Travel

⑤ Why Time Moves Faster as We Get Older

42. 윗글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? [3점]

① unfamiliar	② organized	③ forgotten

④ meaningless	⑤ predetermined

[43~45] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

(A)

A 10yearold boy decided to learn judo despite the fact that he had lost his left arm in a devastating car accident. The boy began lessons with an old Japanese judo master. The boy was doing well, so (a) he couldn’t understand why, after three months of training, the master had taught him only one move.

(B)

On the way home, after reviewing all the matches he had, he summoned the courage to ask what was on his mind. “Master, how did I become the champion with only one move?” “You won for two reasons,” the master answered. “First, you’ve mastered one of the most difficult throws in all of judo. And second, the only known defense for that move is for your opponent to grab your left arm.” The boy’s biggest weakness had become (b) his biggest strength.

(C)

Not quite understanding but believing in his master, the boy kept training. Several months later, the master took the boy to his first tournament. Surprising himself, the boy easily won his first two matches. The third match proved to be more difficult, but after some time, his opponent became impatient and charged; the boy skillfully used his one move to win the match. Still amazed by his success, (c) he was now in the finals.

(D)

This time, his opponent was bigger, stronger, and more experienced. Concerned that (d) he might get hurt, the referee called a timeout to stop the match. Then the master intervened. “No,” the master insisted, “let him continue.” Soon after the match resumed, his opponent made a critical mistake: (e) he dropped his guard. Instantly, the boy used his move to pin him. The boy had won the match and the tournament. He was the champion.

43. 주어진 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① (B) - (D) - (C)	② (C) - (B) - (D)

③ (C) - (D) - (B)	④ (D) - (B) - (C)

⑤ (D) - (C) - (B)

44. 밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?

① (a)       ② (b)       ③ (c)       ④ (d)       ⑤ (e)

45. 윗글에 관한 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은?

① 소년은 자동차 사고로 왼팔을 잃었다.

② 소년은 어떻게 자신이 챔피언이 되었는지를 스승에게 물었다.

③ 소년은 유도의 가장 어려운 던지기 동작 중 하나에 통달했다.

④ 소년은 스승을 믿고 훈련을 계속했다.

⑤ 결승전에서 소년의 스승은 타임아웃을 요청했다.

* 확인 사항

◦ 답안지의 해당란에 필요한 내용을 정확히 기입(표기)했는지 확인하시오.