Day	24	실전 대비 평가 4회

2018학년도 9월 평가원 32

2401 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Let me spend a moment on the idea of adjusting to another person’s mental orientation. What I mean is this. At any moment, a person has a                           . The person notices this rather than that, and she has feelings and makes judgements about one rather than another aspect of events. If she is hungry, for example, she may notice that a shop is selling groceries; her friend may notice only that it sells newspapers. If she is short of money, she may resent that the fruit is overpriced; meanwhile her friend may feel tempted by some juicy peaches. In one sense the two friends are experiencing the same shop and its contents, but they are having quite different experiences of that shop. A more extreme case arises when one person comprehends things in a peculiar and individual way, for instance, in mistaking the shop for a cinema.

① desire to make better choices

② point of view similar to that of others

③ personal preference on where to shop

④ particular take on what is happening

⑤ tendency to stick to traditions

2018학년도 9월 평가원 33

2402 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Externalization is the foundation from which many narrative conversations are built. This requires a particular shift in the use of language. Often externalizing conversations involve tracing the influence of the problem in a child’s life over time and how the problem has disempowered the child by limiting his ability to see things in a different light. The counsellor helps the child to change by deconstructing old stories and reconstructing preferred stories about himself and his life. To help the child to develop a new story, the counsellor and child search for times when the problem has not influenced the child or the child’s life and focus on the different ways the child thought, felt and behaved. These                   help the child create a new and preferred story. As a new and preferred story begins to emerge, it is important to assist the child to hold on to, or stay connected to, the new story.

① exceptions to the problem story

② distances from the alternative story

③ problems that originate from the counsellor

④ efforts to combine old and new experiences

⑤ methods of linking the child’s stories to another’s

2018학년도 9월 평가원 34

2403 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

The narratives that people create to understand their landscapes come to be viewed as marketable entities and a source of income for residents. Landscapes with a strong place identity have an advantage in marketing to tourists, as it is relatively easy to compartmentalize and market their narratives. Such places may have disadvantages as well, however. If place identity is tied to a particular industry, local residents may feel strongly attached to the definitions of place that stem from involvement in that industry, and they may                     in favor of one based on a tourism industry. People rooted in landscape may feel strong connections to other community members and may resent the invasion of outsiders who they believe are different and challenge their common identity. Finally, local residents may feel that this process reduces their identities to mere commercial transactions, and they may believe they sacrifice what is unique and special about their place.

* entity 실재 ** compartmentalize 구획하다 *** transaction 거래

① resist losing that identity

② stop persisting with the old tie

③ tolerate the shift of that industry

④ alienate themselves from that place

⑤ refuse the advantage of that industry

2018학년도 6월 평가원 34

2404 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Since life began in the oceans, most life, including freshwater life, has a chemical composition more like the ocean than fresh water. It appears that most freshwater life did not originate in fresh water, but is secondarily adapted, having passed from ocean to land and then back again to fresh water. As improbable as this may seem, the bodily fluids of aquatic animals show a strong similarity to oceans, and indeed, most studies of ion balance in freshwater physiology document the complex regulatory mechanisms by which fish, amphibians and invertebrates attempt to                  . It is these sorts of unexpected complexities and apparent contradictions that make ecology so interesting. The idea of a fish in a freshwater lake struggling to accumulate salts inside its body to mimic the ocean reminds one of the other great contradiction of the biosphere: plants are bathed in an atmosphere composed of roughly three-quarters nitrogen, yet their growth is frequently restricted by lack of nitrogen.

* amphibian 양서류 ** invertebrate 무척추동물

① maintain an inner ocean in spite of surrounding fresh water

② attain ion balance by removing salts from inside their body

③ return to the ocean to escape from their natural enemies

④ rebuild their external environment to obtain resources

⑤ change their physiology in accord with their surroundings

2018학년도 10월 교육청 34

2405 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Renewal and reform always depend on a capacity for going backwards to go forward. Key to this process is a search within one’s own mind for a model according to which reformed practice can be organized. Architects have long appealed to a primitive hut as just such a model. It is a structure thought to provide access as close to the first principles of architecture as it is possible to get, yet traces of this structure exist nowhere other than in the mind’s eye of the architect searching for it. Nonetheless, absence of the primitive hut from physical reality does little to diminish its importance for the renewal of present practices. If a desired (or required) thing resides in paradise, and no current map indicates its location, getting to it will only be possible via dreams and wishes. Reconstructions of it will necessarily be interpretations based on              . Even though it is impossible to get there, returning to paradise nonetheless remains a reasonable destination for the memory, still able, by way of example, to fulfill its promise to the here and now.

① regularities within physical reality beyond the origin

② distortions due to the ignorance of evaluation models

③ varieties of geographical locations of modern structures

④ potentials that arise from the daring cutoff from the past practices

⑤ resemblances modeled after a nonexistent object forever beyond our reach

2018학년도 4월 교육청 31

2406 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

In psychology, a ‘model’ of something should never be taken as an exact copy of the thing being described, but rather as a representation of it. A map of the London Underground, for example, is a representation of the Underground layout that helps us appreciate how it works and where it goes. Of course direction, scale, etc. must be distorted somewhat to make it all fit neatly on the page. A model of memory is also a representation. Based on the evidence available, a model provides us with an analogy of how memory works. Describing memory in terms of ‘stores’ or ‘levels’ or ‘loops’ makes our understanding more concrete, and simply conveys to a reader a(n)               of how a particular psychologist has attempted to understand and explain the available evidence. These models change as the available evidence changes, so should not be seen as permanent fixtures.

* analogy 비유

① approximate idea

② factual experience

③ invariable principle

④ digital representation

⑤ undisputed interpretation

2018학년도 4월 교육청 33

2407 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Here’s something I learned growing up in a military family and living overseas as a child. Being in environments where people did not look like me or even speak the same language as me forced me out of the comfort zone of obvious similarities. When you walk out of your house knowing that most of the people on your street speak a different language, you can either get hung up on that fact or you can open your eyes and begin to              . Perhaps your nationality and language and culture and skin color are not the same, but your love of family and strawberries and holiday traditions are undeniably alike. It was a training ground for spotting commonalities. And there began my intrigue with cultures and language and people. Overfocusing on differences narrows your influence. But when you focus on commonalities, your influence grows.

① appreciate the significance of family

② shape the perceptions you have of yourself

③ go back to the comfort zone you belonged to

④ celebrate more traditional holidays than before

⑤ notice the larger human commonalities you share

2018학년도 3월 교육청 31

2408 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Recent research by Juliet Zhu and J. J. Argo suggests that making subtle changes to the seating arrangements in meetings can have an effect on what people choose to focus their attention on. For example, the study found that circular seating arrangements typically activated people’s need to belong. As a result, they were more likely to focus on the group’s collective objectives and be persuaded by messages and proposals that highlighted group benefits rather than benefits to any one individual. This effect was reversed, however, when the seating arrangement was either angular (think L-shaped) or square. These seating arrangements tended to activate people’s need for              . As a result, people were more responsive and reacted more favorably to messages and proposals that were self-oriented and that allowed them to elevate their individualism.

① uniqueness

② safety

③ certainty

④ harmony

⑤ fairness

2018학년도 3월 교육청 33

2409 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Science and technology degrees are rewarding because they are not designed                        . If you are taking a highly specialized or vocational degree, you may well know what career you are aiming for even before you get to university, but for most science and technology undergraduates university is an adventure in itself; ideas about a career may be in your thoughts, but not completely fixed. This gives you the advantage of knowing that you can develop your career ideas as your course progresses, aware that your degree will be of help to you in many areas of work. It is perhaps with this in mind that science and technology degree programs tend to be wide in scope and flexible in approach. You might go to university to study chemistry and find yourself doing some work within the physics department.

① to represent a socially privileged status

② necessarily to be obtained in the university

③ to force you to follow the established scholars

④ only to grade you and make you feel frustrated

⑤ exclusively to get you into a job and keep you there

2017학년도 수능 32

2410 다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

Temporal resolution is particularly interesting in the context of satellite remote sensing. The temporal density of remotely sensed imagery is large, impressive, and growing. Satellites are collecting a great deal of imagery as you read this sentence. However, most applications in geography and environmental studies do not require extremely fine-grained temporal resolution. Meteorologists may require visible, infrared, and radar information at sub-hourly temporal resolution; urban planners might require imagery at monthly or annual resolution; and transportation planners may not need any time series information at all for some applications. Again, the temporal resolution of imagery used should              . Sometimes researchers have to search archives of aerial photographs to get information from that past that pre-date the collection of satellite imagery.

* meteorologist 기상학자 ** infrared 적외선의

① be selected for general purposes

② meet the requirements of your inquiry

③ be as high as possible for any occasion

④ be applied to new technology by experts

⑤ rely exclusively upon satellite information

2017학년도 수능 33

2411 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Grief is unpleasant. Would one not then be better off without it altogether? Why accept it even when the loss is real? Perhaps we should say of it what Spinoza said of regret: that whoever feels it is “twice unhappy or twice helpless.” Laurence Thomas has suggested that the utility of “negative sentiments” (emotions like grief, guilt, resentment, and anger, which there is seemingly a reason to believe we might be better off without) lies in their providing a kind of guarantee of authenticity for such dispositional sentiments as love and respect. No occurrent feelings of love and respect need to be present throughout the period in which it is true that one loves or respects. One might therefore sometimes suspect, in the absence of the positive occurrent feelings, that              . At such times, negative emotions like grief offer a kind of testimonial to the authenticity of love or respect.

* dispositional 성향적인 ** testimonial 증거

① one no longer loves

② one is much happier

③ an emotional loss can never be real

④ respect for oneself can be guaranteed

⑤ negative sentiments do not hold any longer

2017학년도 3월 교육청 32

2412 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

History is a discipline. It is the art of              . As historian John Tosh writes, “All the resources of scholarship and all the historian’s powers of imagination must be harnessed to the task of bringing the past to life—or resurrecting it.” The past is messy, but historians make sense of the mess by collecting evidence, making meaning of it, and organizing it into some kind of discernible pattern. History is an exciting act of interpretation—taking the facts of the past and weaving them into a compelling narrative. The historian works closely with the stuff that has been left behind—documents, oral testimony, objects—to make the past come alive. As John Arnold has noted, “The sources do not ‘speak for themselves’ and never have done so.... They come alive when the historian reanimates them.”

* discernible 식별할 수 있는

① predicting the future

② enlightening the youth

③ reconstructing the past

④ analyzing the present

⑤ improving humanity

2016학년도 수능 34

2413 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Long before Walt Whitman wrote Leaves of Grass, poets had addressed themselves to fame. Horace, Petrarch, Shakespeare, Milton, and Keats all hoped that poetic greatness would grant them a kind of earthly immortality. Whitman held a similar faith that for centuries the world would value his poems. But to this ancient desire to live forever on the page, he added a new sense of fame. Readers would not simply attend to the poet’s work; they would be attracted to the greatness of his personality. They would see in his poems a vibrant cultural performance, an individual springing from the book with tremendous charisma and appeal. Out of the political rallies and electoral parades that marked Jacksonian America, Whitman defined poetic fame in relation to the crowd. Other poets might look for their inspiration from the goddess of poetry. Whitman’s poet sought                   . In the instability of American democracy, fame would be dependent on celebrity, on the degree to which the people rejoiced in the poet and his work.

* rally 집회

① a refuge from public attention

② poetic purity out of political chaos

③ immortality in literature itself

④ the approval of his contemporaries

⑤ fame with political celebrities

2016학년도 6월 평가원 33

2414 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

The audience receives a sound signal entirely through the vibrations generated in the air, whereas in a singer some of the auditory stimulus is conducted to the ear through the singer’s own bones. Since these two ways

of transferring sound have quite different relative efficiencies at various frequencies, the overall quality of the sound will be quite different. You have probably experienced this when you have listened to your own voice, as on tape or through a public address system. It is easy to blame the ‘sound of a stranger’ on ‘poor electronics,’ but this is only partly justified. The major effect comes from the fact that you hear yourself differently from the way others hear you. This is one of the main reasons why even the most accomplished singers have to listen to the opinion of coaches and

voice teachers as to ‘how they sound,’ whereas no concert violinist would have to do such a thing. To the violinist                    to someone else standing nearby.

* frequency 주파수

① the coaches are more helpful than they are

② sounds spread a lot more widely than they do

③ the audience response is just as important as it is

④ playing sounds almost exactly the same as it does

⑤ the ‘sound of a stranger’ matters more than it does

2015학년도 수능 31

2415 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

The concept of humans doing multiple things at a time has been studied by psychologists since the 1920s, but the term “multitasking” didn’t exist until the 1960s. It was used to describe computers, not people. Back then, ten megahertz was so fast that a new word was needed to describe a computer’s ability to quickly perform many tasks. In retrospect, they probably made a poor choice, for the expression “multitasking” is inherently deceptive. Multitasking is about multiple tasks alternately sharing one resource (the CPU), but in time the context was flipped and it became interpreted to mean multiple tasks being done simultaneously by one resource (a person). It was a clever turn of phrase that’s misleading, for even computers can process only one piece of code at a time. When they “multitask,” they switch back and forth, alternating their attention until both tasks are done. The speed with which computers tackle multiple tasks                            that everything happens at the same time, so comparing computers to humans can be confusing.

① expels the myth

② feeds the illusion

③ conceals the fact

④ proves the hypothesis

⑤ blurs the conviction

2015학년도 수능 32

2416 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

My friend was disappointed that scientific progress has not cured the world’s ills by abolishing wars and starvation; that gross human inequality is still widespread; that happiness is not universal. My friend made a common mistake—a basic misunderstanding in the nature of knowledge. Knowledge is amoral—not immoral but morality neutral. It can be used for any purpose, but many people assume it will be used to further their favorite hopes for society—and this is the fundamental flaw. Knowledge of the world is one thing; its uses create a separate issue. To be disappointed that our progress in understanding has not remedied the social ills of the world is a legitimate view, but                                           . To argue that knowledge is not progressing because of the African or Middle Eastern conflicts misses the point. There is nothing inherent in knowledge that dictates any specific social or moral application.

① to confuse this with the progress of knowledge is absurd

② to know the nature of knowledge is to practice its moral value

③ to remove social inequality is the inherent purpose of knowledge

④ to accumulate knowledge is to enhance its social application

⑤ to make science progress is to make it cure social ills

2015학년도 4월 교육청 30

2417 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

The saying that                                       is captured in a study in which researchers wrote up a detailed description of a half inning of baseball and gave it to a group of baseball fanatics and a group of less enthusiastic fans to read. Afterward they tested how well their subjects could recall the half inning. The baseball fanatics structured their recollections around important game-related events, like runners advancing and runs scored. One almost got the impression they were reading off an internal scorecard. The less enthusiastic fans remembered fewer important facts about the game and were more likely to recount superficial details like the weather. Because they lacked a detailed internal representation of the game, they couldn’t process the information they were taking in. They didn’t know what was important and what was trivial. They couldn’t know what mattered. Without a conceptual framework in which to embed what they were learning, they were extremely forgetful.

① it takes knowledge to gain knowledge

② intelligence is much more than mere memory

③ imagination pushes the boundaries of knowledge

④ learning takes place everywhere and at all times

⑤ prejudice is an obstacle to processing information

2014학년도 수능 A 34

2418 다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

The importance of science has led people to think that ‘objectivity’ is the best way to see the world—to see the facts without any feelings. However, from a human point of view, objectivity is just another attitude. It is an interpretation that deliberately ignores our feelings. It is very useful to ensure that scientific measurements are taken accurately and so on, but as far as life is concerned, it is a bit like turning the color off on your TV so that you see everything in black and white and then saying that is more truthful. It is not more truthful; it is just a filter that reduces the                    . When you turn down the feelings, you also turn down the possibility of enjoyment.

① richness of life

② brutality of humans

③ size of the TV screen

④ incorrectness of a theory

⑤ criticism of scientific findings

2014학년도 수능 B 32

2419 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

The success of human beings depends crucially on numbers and connections. A few hundred people cannot sustain a sophisticated technology. Recall that Australia was colonized 45,000 years ago by pioneers spreading east from Africa along the shore of Asia. The vanguard of such a migration must have been small in number and must have traveled comparatively light. The chances are they had only a sample of the technology available to their relatives back at the Red Sea crossing. This may explain why Australian aboriginal technology, although it developed and elaborated steadily over the ensuing millennia, was lacking in so many features of the Old World—elastic weapons, for example, such as bows and catapults, were unknown, as were ovens. It was not that they were ‘primitive’ or that they had mentally regressed; it was that they                   and did not have a dense enough population and therefore a large enough collective brain to develop them much further.

* catapult 투석기

① were too tightly connected to develop new technologies

② focused on developing and elaborating elastic weapons

③ had arrived with only a subset of technologies

④ inherited none of their relatives’ technologies in Africa

⑤ failed to transfer their technical insights to the Old World

2014학년도 수능 B 34

2420 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

Like many errors and biases that seem irrational on the surface, auditory looming turns out, on closer examination, to be pretty smart. Animals like rhesus monkeys have evolved the same bias. This intentional error functions as an advance warning system, manned by the self-protection subself, providing individuals with a margin of safety when they are confronted with potentially dangerous approaching objects. If you spot a rhinoceros or hear an avalanche speeding toward you, auditory looming will motivate you to jump out of the way now rather than wait until the last second. The evolutionary benefits of immediately getting out of the way of approaching dangers were so strong that natural selection endowed us—and other mammals—with brains that                                       . Although this kind of bias might inhibit economically rational judgment in laboratory tasks, it leads us to behave in a deeply rational manner in the real world. Being accurate is not always smart.

* avalanche 눈사태

① intentionally see and hear the world inaccurately

② are geared to evaluate aural information precisely

③ deliberately make rational yet ineffective decisions

④ prompt us to overlook dangers without thinking rationally

⑤ accurately detect, but irrationally ignore, approaching dangers

2014학년도 9월 평가원 A 36

2421 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

Human farmers and their domesticated plants and animals made a grand bargain, though the farmers did not realize it at the time. Consider maize. Domestication made it dependent on man. But its association with humans also carried maize far beyond its origins as a little-known Mexican grass, so that it is now one of the most widely planted crops on earth. From mankind’s point of view, meanwhile, the domestication of maize made available an abundant new source of food. But its cultivation (like that of other plants) prompted people to adopt a new lifestyle based on farming. Is man taking advantage of maize for his own purposes, or is maize taking advantage of man? Domestication, it seems, is              .

* maize 옥수수

① a pain in the neck

② an unfair sacrifice

③ a two-way street

④ a request for help

⑤ a zero-sum game

2014학년도 6월 평가원 A 34

2422 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

It is known that people are extremely limited in the amount of information that they can process at any given time. A common metaphor in early theories of attention is the concept of a bottleneck. This metaphor is especially appealing because it matches our understanding about attention. The narrow neck of a bottle restricts the flow into or out of the bottle. This kind of flow in the narrow passageway is similar to the way people process information. In other words, this bottleneck limits the               of information to which we can pay attention. Thus, when one message is currently flowing through a bottleneck, the other messages must be left behind.

* metaphor 은유

① value

② sources

③ quantity

④ reliability

⑤ familiarity

2014학년도 6월 평가원 A 36, B 31

2423 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

Appearance creates the first impression customers have of food, and first impressions are important. No matter how appealing the taste, an unattractive appearance is hard to overlook. As humans, we do “eat with our eyes” because our sense of sight is more highly developed than the other senses. The sense of sight is so highly developed in humans that messages received from other senses are often ignored if they conflict with what is seen. Yellow candy is expected to be lemonflavored, and if it is grape-flavored, many people                           . Strawberry ice cream tinted with red food coloring seems to have a stronger strawberry flavor than one that has no added food coloring, even when there is no real difference.

① cannot correctly identify the flavor

② will not favor the grape-flavored candy

③ can clearly sense the difference in flavor

④ will be instantly attracted to the grape flavor

⑤ will enjoy the subtle difference between them

2014학년도 6월 평가원 B 32

2424 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

The Rust Belt is notorious for its poor air quality. For decades, coal plants, steel production, and auto emissions have pumped particulates like sulfate into the atmosphere over the eastern U.S. Especially before air quality laws began appearing in the 1970s, particulate pollution was behind acid rain, respiratory disease, and ozone depletion. But a new study from Harvard University suggests that the Rust Belt’s thick particulate fog may have helped slow down the effects of climate change, particularly when it was thickest. Throughout the 20th century, global temperatures have gone up by just under one degree Celsius. But in the U.S., eastern and central states haven’t seen the same rise. In fact, temperatures there actually decreased over the same period. The reason seems to be particulate pollution. Instead of trapping warm air in the atmosphere like carbon dioxide, fine particles like sulfate reflect the sun’s light and heat. They may even group with watery cloud droplets, which do the same thing. The effect is                               .

* particulate 분진, 미립 물질

① an accumulation of carbon dioxide

② a net cooling across entire regions

③ a steep acceleration of global warming

④ a significant improvement in air quality

⑤ a slow but steady increase in temperatures

2014학년도 6월 평가원 B 33

2425 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

Suppose a survivor from an airplane crash with severe injuries struggles for days through the jungle but dies just before reaching a village. It is tempting to think “if only he had managed to walk to the village, he would have been rescued.” But suppose you must try to console the victim’s relatives. What might you say? Or suppose you wish to defend the rescue team who got as far as the village but no further. Your motivation to console or defend may influence the alternative you imagine. You may decide to emphasize the severity of the victim’s injuries and suggest “even if he had managed to walk to the village, he still would have died.” Sometimes thoughts about what might have been change an antecedent event (the victim walked to the village) but leave the outcome unchanged (he still died). “Even if...” conditionals have been called “semifactual” because they combine a counterfactual antecedent and a factual consequence. Imagined semifactual alternatives are intriguing because, unlike other thoughts about what might have been, they suggest that                                    .

① the consequence is unimaginable

② the antecedent is inevitable

③ the outcome is inevitable

④ the antecedent is unpredictable

⑤ the consequence is unpredictable

2014학년도 6월 평가원 B 34

2426 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

The so-called Mozart effect—listening to Mozart will make your child smarter—is a good example of               by the media through hype not warranted by the research. It all started when researchers reported that after exposure to a selection of Mozart’s music, college students showed an increase in spatial reasoning for about 10 minutes on tasks like putting together pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. Note first that the research was done on college students, not infants, and that the effect was very brief. In addition, no one’s been able to replicate the research. The increase in spatial reasoning, it turns out, can be generated by any auditory stimulation (e.g., listening to a short story or other types of music) that keeps people alert while being tested. However, none of this has stopped eager parents—spurred on by fantastic claims from unethical companies—from purchasing Mozart CDs for their babies.

* hype 과대 광고(선전)

① the bond between parents and children exaggerated

② a genuine scientific innovation being discarded

③ a scientific finding being distorted

④ the correlation between reasoning and music being rejected

⑤ the convergence of music and physiology made possible

2014학년도 6월 평가원 B 36

2427 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

When a company comes out with a new product, its competitors typically go on the defensive, doing whatever they can to     (A)     the odds that the offering will eat into their sales. Responses might include increasing marketing efforts, offering discounts to channel partners, and even lobbying for regulations that would hinder the rival’s expansion. In many cases, though, such actions are misguided. Although the conventional wisdom that a rival’s launch will hurt profits is often correct, my research shows that companies sometimes see profits increase after a rival’s launch. The underlying mechanism is pretty simple: When a company comes out with a new product, it often raises the prices of its existing products. This might be designed to make the new product look     (B)     and thus more attractive by comparison. As that company adjusts its pricing, its competitors can do the same without risking customer defections over price.

* defection 이탈

(A)            (B)

① calculate	…… exceptional

② calculate	…… more striking

③ eliminate	…… more upgraded

④ reduce	…… up-to-date

⑤ reduce	…… cheaper

2014학년도 10월 교육청 A 35

2428 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

Some media sociologists claim that it is a mistake to assume that television has destroyed family conversation: not only can documentaries, soap operas and other programs spark lively discussion among family members, but watching TV together is an important ritual that brings families into the same domestic space. Such arguments miss the point about              . Can you really have a proper discussion with your spouse about whether she should leave her job if you are both half-watching TV? While television has potential to stimulate the mind and

emotions, it is essentially a passive medium which draws us away from human interaction, whereas conversation is in essence an active form of engagement with others.

① what the ideal family size is

② different gender roles in the family

③ how parents’ attitude affects children

④ what a quality family conversation looks like

⑤ the generation gap between parents and children