Day	21	빈칸 추론_절, 문장 (1)

패턴 대표 문항  2017학년도 수능 34

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Over a period of time the buildings which housed social, legal, religious, and other rituals evolved into forms that we subsequently have come                        . This is a two-way process; the building provides the physical environment and setting for a particular social ritual such as traveling by train or going to the theater, as well as the symbolic setting. The meaning of buildings evolves and becomes established by experience and we in turn read our experience into buildings. Buildings arouse an empathetic reaction in us through these projected experiences, and the strength of these reactions is determined by our culture, our beliefs, and our expectations. They tell stories, for their form and spatial organization give us hints about how they should be used. Their physical layout encourages some uses and inhibits others; we do not go backstage in a theater unless especially invited. Inside a law court the precise location of those involved in the legal process is an integral part of the design and an essential part of ensuring that the law is upheld.

* empathetic 공감할 수 있는

① to identify and relate to a new architectural trend

② to recognize and associate with those buildings’function

③ to define and refine by reflecting cross-cultural interactions

④ to use and change into an integral part of our environment

⑤ to alter and develop for the elimination of their meanings

2018학년도 3월 교육청 32

2101 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오

Much of the communication among chimps, as for animals in general, is                    . One prime example involved six young chimpanzees being studied in the 1970s at the Delta Primate Research Center. One of them (we’ll call him the “leader”) was introduced alone into an enclosure and shown either a hidden source of food or a stuffed snake. When this chimp was reunited with his fellows outside the enclosure, they quickly resumed their normal activities. There was no readily apparent sign that the leader communicated his important knowledge to the other chimps. Yet, when all six were allowed into the enclosure after the leader had been shown food, the group headed straight for the food. In the “snake” condition, the chimps all entered the enclosure with the fur on their backs spiking up and approached the danger zone with extreme caution, poking at the leaf bed with sticks rather than with their hands. Either the leader chimp had conveyed the information to the others, or they were superbly attuned to his intentions.

* enclosure 울타리로 둘러싸인 구역

① affected by their habitat

② too subtle for us to notice

③ rarely relationship-oriented

④ readily open to other species

⑤ surprisingly inferior to that of ours

2017학년도 6월 평가원 33

2102 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

It is not hard to see that a strong economy, where opportunities are plentiful and jobs go begging,             . Biased employers may still dislike hiring members of one group or another, but when nobody else is available, discrimination most often gives way to the basic need to get the work done. The same goes for employees with prejudices about whom they do and do not like working alongside. In the American construction boom of the late 1990s, for example, even the carpenters’ union — long known as a “traditional bastion of white men, a world where a coveted union card was handed down from father to son” — began openly encouraging women, blacks, an Hispanics to join its internship program. At least in the workplace, jobs chasing people obviously does more to promote a fluid society than people chasing jobs.

* bastion 요새

** coveted 부러움을 사는

① allows employees to earn more income

② helps break down social barriers

③ simplifies the hiring process

④ increases wage discrimination

⑤ improves the productivity of a company

2017학년도 4월 교육청 33

2103 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오

Our kitchens owe much to the brilliance of science, and a cook experimenting with mixtures at the stove is often not very different from a chemist in the lab: we add vinegar to red cabbage to fix the color and use baking soda to counteract the acidity of lemon in the cake. It is wrong to suppose, however, that             . It is something more basic and older than this. Not every culture has had formal science ― a form of organized knowledge about the universe that starts with Aristotle in the fourth century BC. The modern scientific method, in which experiments form part of a structured system of hypothesis, experimentation, and analysis is as recent as the seventeenth century; the problem– solving technology of cooking goes back thousands of years. Since the earliest Stone Age humans cut raw food with sharpened flints, we have always used invention to devise better ways to feed ourselves.

① science has nothing to do with philosophy

② a hypothesis can be proved by a single experiment

③ technology is just the appliance of scientific thought

④ cooking has always been independent from formal science

⑤ food is cooked only through the problem–solving technology

2015학년도 9월 평가원 31

2104 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

Not all interesting discoveries have an obvious application. If you believe you have something, but you’re not sure what exactly it’s going to be good for, don’t give up. Many innovations languished in labs for years until they were                . Teflon, an extremely slippery synthetic substance employed as a coating on cooking utensils, was invented in 1938, but it didn’t coat its first pan till 1954. The Post-it note was built on the back of some notvery- good glue. Its inventor believed it might have value, but it took him five years to find a potentially profitable use for it. HP had a breakthrough with a super-accurate thermometer that was created in the HP Labs. Despite its accuracy, there was no clear use for the device until it was used to measure fluctuations in ocean temperature.

* languish 시들해지다

① replaced by new ones

② matched to a product

③ backed up by a theory

④ found to be eco-friendly

⑤ tested for their accuracy

2015학년도 7월 교육청 33

2105 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

Recalling childhood memories can             , according to a study published in April in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. In a series of experiments done by Francesca Gino and Sreedhari Desai of Harvard University, participants were more likely to help the experimenters with an extra task, judge immoral behavior harshly, and donate money to charity when they had actively remembered their childhood. The effect held whether the memories were positive or negative — although, notably, the study subjects did not have traumatic histories. These recollections seem to summon a heightened sense of moral purity. Youngsters may or may not behave especially ethically, but childhood tends to connote innocence — a frame of mind that affects behavior. “It’s promising research in thinking about ways in which people are following their moral compass with very simple interventions,” Gino says.

① lessen separation anxiety effectively

② lead people to behave more ethically

③ help people overcome behavioral disorder

④ be accompanied by feelings of uncertainty

⑤ boost one’s sense of happiness temporarily

2015학년도 4월 교육청 31

2106 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

Love is an attitude, an orientation of character which             , not toward one ‘object’ of love. If a person loves only one other person and is indifferent to the rest of his fellow men, his love is not love but a symbiotic attachment, or an enlarged egotism. Yet, most people believe that love is constituted by the object, not by the faculty. They believe that all that is necessary to find is the right object — and that everything goes by itself afterward. This attitude can be compared to that of a man who wants to paint but who, instead of learning the art, claims that he has just to wait for the right object, and that he will paint beautifully when he finds it. If I truly love one person, I love all persons, I love the world, and I love life. If I can s ay to somebody else, “I love you,” I must be able to say, “I love in you everybody, I love through you the world, and I love in you also myself.”

* symbiotic 공생의, 공생하는

① is closely related to intense attachment to oneself

② directs one’s resentment and anger toward oneself

③ has as its ultimate goal to add variety to a person’s life

④ primarily serves to guide an individual toward a specific goal

⑤ determines the relatedness of a person to the world as a whole

2014학년도 6월 평가원 A 35

2107 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

Many people have pointed out that personal responsibility can often be                       . Consider how often you’re passed someone who is pulled over on the side of the road with car trouble. It is easy to justify your failure to help by telling yourself someone else will stop. Corporations add another layer of complication to the story of reduced personal responsibility in group settings because corporations are set up to assign legal responsibility to the corporation itself instead of to its members. There are other complex organizations in which the individual members are often not sure of their impact or power to bring about change. In this kind of culture, “someone else will do it” is a common excuse.

① lost in groups

② easily recognized

③ decreased by stress

④ strengthened by law

⑤ shaped at an early age

2014학년도 6월 평가원 B 35

2108 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

As the structures of our world and the conditions of certainty have yielded to an avalanche of change, the extent of our longing for stable, definitive leadership             . The fault lies not with leadership but rather with ourselves and our expectations. In the old days, leaders were supposed to make sense of chaos, to make certainty out of doubt, and to create positive action plans for the resolution of paradoxes. Good leaders straightened things out. Should chaos rear its ugly head, the leader was expected to restore normality immediately. But chaos is now considered normal, paradoxes cannot be resolved, and certainty is possible only to the level of high probability. Leadership that attempts to deliver in terms of fixing any of these can only fail. And that is exactly what is happening.

* an avalanche of 많은, 쇄도하는

① can only be measured by our will to establish it

② has made traditional leadership more irreplaceable

③ can create viable action plans for restoring normality

④ has vastly reduced the probability of resolving paradoxes

⑤ has been exceeded only by the impossibility of finding it

2014학년도 10월 교육청 B 33

2109 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

Until J. K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series set in motion an extraordinary child-to-adult crossover craze that took the entire world by storm, books generally crossed over in the opposite direction. Children                 . In fact, this type of readership transgression has been going on almost as long as books have existed. Many of the world’s great classics were appropriated very early on by children, even though they were not written with young readers in mind. Some works very quickly assumed the status of crossover works. A number of them became almost the sole property of children, a prime example being Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, which is read by children around the world, but very rarely by adults in any country. First published in 1719, Defoe’s most celebrated work was not meant for children, but became a classic of children’s literature and inspired countless adaptations and edited versions.

* transgression 침범

① have lost interest in literature

② have ventured into writing stories

③ have long laid claim to adult fiction

④ have been characterized in many novels

⑤ have been protected from the cruel world

2014학년도 4월 교육청 A 34, B 33

2110 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

Our health is certainly a matter of how we feel, but it is a lot more besides. We must always factor in                . An individual may feel fine, but if significant others in his or her community keep saying things like, “You don’t seem like yourself,” or “Is there something wrong?” that person may feel impelled to go to the doctor to get checked out. The doctor, in turn, may perform various tests that indicate that there is, indeed, something wrong even if the person is as yet experiencing no overt symptoms. Once the doctor has confirmed one’s friends’ evaluation that something is wrong, the person is very likely to start feeling a lot less lively.

① what the people around us think

② how doctors react to our thoughts

③ the clear symptoms we often have

④ results of regular medical checkups

⑤ when others feel they are unhealthy