Day	19	빈칸 추론_어휘

패턴 대표 문항  2017학년도 수능 31

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

The creativity that children possess needs to be cultivated throughout their development. Research suggests that overstructuring the child’ environment may actually limit creative and academic development. This is a central problem with much of science instruction. The exercises or activities are devised to eliminate different options and to focus on predetermined results. The answers are structured to fit the course assessments, and the wonder of science is lost along with cognitive intrigue. We define cognitive intrigue as the wonder that stimulates and intrinsically motivates an individual to voluntarily engage in an activity. The loss of cognitive intrigue may be initiated by the sole use of play items with predetermined conclusions and reinforced by rote instruction in school. This is exemplified by toys, games, and lessons that are a(n)                      in and of themselves and require little of the individual other than to master the planned objective.

* rote 기계적인 암기

① end

② input

③ puzzle

④ interest

⑤ alternative

2018학년도 9월 평가원 31

1901 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

One unspoken truth about creativity — it isn’t about wild talent so much as it is about             . To find a few ideas that work, you need to try a lot that don’t. It’s a pure numbers game. Geniuses don’t necessarily have a higher success rate than other creators; they simply do more—and they do a range of different things. They have more successes and more failures. That goes for teams and companies too. It’s impossible to generate a lot of good ideas without also generating a lot of bad ideas. The thing about creativity is that at the outset, you can’t tell which ideas will succeed and which will fail. So the only thing you can do is try to fail faster so that you can move onto the next idea.

* at the outset 처음에

① sensitivity	② superiority

③ imagination	④ productivity

⑤ achievement

2017학년도 9월 평가원 31

1902 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

A sleeping mother has the ability to identify the particular cry of her own baby. This is one of the bonding factors that has been forgotten because of the way in which we live today. Typically, there is now only one newborn baby in any family house or apartment, so there is no way to test this ability. In an ancient tribe, however, living in small huts in a tiny village settlement, a mother would have been able to hear any of the babies crying in the night. If she woke up every time one of them screamed for food, she might get no sleep at all. During the course of evolution she became programmed to awake only at the sound of her own particular baby. This              is still there to this day, even though it is seldom used.

① affection	② creativity	③ sociability

④ intolerance	⑤ sensitivity

2017학년도 6월 평가원 31

1903 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Once a hand or gripper has been directed to an object by reaching, it can be grasped. Grasping requires that fingers hold an object securely. A secure grip is one in which the object won’t slip or move, especially when isplaced by an external force. Your grasp on a hammer, for example, would not be secure if knocking against something caused you to drop it. One precondition of a firm grasp is that the forces applied by the fingers balance each other so as not to disturb the object’s position. The characteristics of an object such as its geometric configuration and mass distribution may demand that some fingers apply greater force than others to maintain             . The grasp and support forces must also match overall object mass and fragility. An egg requires a more delicate touch than a rock.

* geometric configuration 기하학적 형태

** fragility 부서지기 쉬움

① distance	② efficiency

③ mobility	④ direction

⑤ stability

2017학년도 10월 교육청 32

1904 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

is one of the keys to leadership effectiveness. We want realness in the executive suite, in the superintendent’s office, and in our religious leaders. We yearn for leaders who are themselves rather than a copy of someone else. We want leaders who will be fully human with us, men and women who are vulnerable enough to acknowledge their strengths and weaknesses, their gifts and limits, and who are appropriately transparent about their hopes and fears, their motivations and their agendas. We trust leaders who are real, who walk their talk, who act on their core values, and who tell us the truth. We authorize others to lead who author their own life. Those we deem not trustworthy we don’t authorize to lead.

① Authenticity	② Tolerance

③ Dedication	④ Compassion

⑤ Responsibility

2016학년도 수능 31

1905 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

When two cultures come into contact, they do not exchange every cultural item. If that were the case, there would be no cultural differences in the world today. Instead, only a small number of cultural elements ever spread from one culture to another. Which cultural item is accepted depends largely on the item’s use and compatibility with already existing cultural traits. For example, it is not likely that men’s hair dyes designed to “get out the gray” will spread into parts of rural Africa where a person’s status is elevated with advancing years. Even when a(n)              is consistent with a society’s needs, there is still no guarantee that it will be accepted. For example, most people in the United States using US customary units (e.g., inch, foot, yard, mile, etc.) have resisted adopting the metric system even though making such a change would enable US citizens to interface with the rest of the world more efficiently.

* metric system 미터법

① categorization	② innovation

③ investigation	④ observation

⑤ specification

2016학년도 9월 평가원 31

1906 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Early human societies were nomadic, based on hunting and gathering, and, in a shifting pattern of life in search of new sources of food, qualities such as lightness, portability, and adaptability were dominant criteria. With the evolution of more settled rural societies based on agriculture, other characteristics, other traditions of form appropriate to the new patterns of life, rapidly emerged. It must be emphasized, however, that tradition was not static, but constantly subject to minute variations appropriate to people and their circumstances. Although traditional forms reflected the experience of social groups, specific manifestations could be adapted in various minute and subtle ways to suit individual users’ needs. A chair could keep its basic, accepted characteristics while still being closely shaped in detail to the physique and proportions of a specific person. This basic principle of              allowed a constant stream of incremental modifications to be introduced, which, if demonstrated by experience to be advantageous, could be integrated back into the mainstream of tradition.

* manifestation 외적 형태, 표시

** physique 체격

*** incremental (점진적으로) 증가하는

① dedication	② customization

③ cooperation	④ generalization

⑤ preservation

2016학년도 6월 평가원 31

1907 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

In an increasingly globalized world, literature in translation has an especially important role. Increasingly, writers, readers, and publishers are turning to literature as a bridge between cultures, particularly Western and Arab societies. This growing interest is, in turn, driving a boom in translation. However, not surprisingly perhaps, most translations are from English into other languages, not from another language, such as Arabic, into English. Hence, the huge American market is seen as driving the                    . Bookstores in the United States, for example, rarely stock more than Nobel Prize winner Naguib Mahfouz’s Cairo Trilogy, a masterful, realistic account of life in Cairo and of a merchant family in the mid-20th century. Western readers likely know little of Mahfouz’s more experimental work, his political and religious allegories, or his historical dramas. The result is a kind of one-way mirror between America and the rest of the world.

* allegory 우화, 풍자

① equality	② diversity

③ interaction	④ imbalance

⑤ uncertainty

2015학년도 6월 평가원 30

1908 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

The true champion recognizes that excellence often flows most smoothly from             , a fact that can get lost in these high-tech days. I used to train with a world-class runner who was constantly hooking himself up to pulse meters and pace keepers. He spent hours collecting data that he thought would help him improve. In fact, a good 25 percent of his athletic time was devoted to externals other than working out. Sports became so complex for him that he forgot how to enjoy himself. Contrast his approach with that of the late Abebe Bikila, the Ethiopian who won the 1960 Olympic Marathon running barefoot. High-tech clothing and digital watches were not part of his world. Abebe Bikila simply ran. Many times in running, and in other areas of life, less is more.

① talent	② patience

③ simplicity	④ generosity

⑤ confidence

2014학년도 수능 B 36

1909 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

F. Scott Fitzgerald thought that the test of first-rate intelligence was the ability to hold two opposed ideas in mind at the same time and still function. The eons shaped our brains in the    (A)    direction. Confirmation bias is a term for the way the mind systematically avoids confronting contradiction. It does this by overvaluing evidence that confirms what we already think or feel and undervaluing or simply disregarding evidence that refutes it. Testimony from members of the Crow tribe about the destruction of their culture provides an extreme and tragic example of this. A man named Plenty Coups reported that “when the buffalo went away, the hearts of my people fell to the ground and they could not lift them up again. After this nothing happened.” He was not alone in describing the depth of despair as the end of history. “Nothing happened after that,” another Crow warrior said. “We just lived.” The emotion was so strong that the brain      (B)      evidence of the continued existence of normal, everyday life that might have eased it.

* eon 무한히 긴 시대, 영겁

(A)	(B)

① opposite …… retained

② opposite …… rejected

③ wrong   …… validated

④ same    …… falsified

⑤ same    …… overlooked

2014학년도 9월 평가원 B 36

1910 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

After making a choice, the decision ultimately changes our estimated pleasure, enhancing the expected pleasure from the selected option and decreasing the expected pleasure from the rejected option. If we were not inclined to    (A)    the value of our options rapidly so that they concur with our choices, we would likely second-guess ourselves to the point of insanity. We would ask ourselves again and again whether we should have chosen Greece over Thailand, the toaster over the coffee maker, and Jenny over Michele. Consistently second-guessing ourselves would interfere with our daily functioning and promote a negative effect. We would feel anxious and confused, regretful and sad. Have we done the right thing? Should we

change our mind? These thoughts would result in a permanent halt. We would find ourselves — literally — stuck, overcome by    (B)    and unable to move forward. On the other hand, reevaluating our alternatives after making a decision increases our commitment to the action taken and keeps us moving forward.

(A)            (B)

① disregard …… indecision

② disregard …… decision

③ disclose  …… decision

④ update   …… prejudice

⑤ update   …… indecision