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패턴 대표 문항  2016학년도 수능 28

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? [3점]

The Greeks’ focus on the salient object and its attributes led to ① their failure to understand the fundamental nature of causality. Aristotle explained that a stone falling through the air is due to the stone having the property of “gravity.” But of course a piece of wood ② tossed into water floats instead of sinking. This phenomenon Aristotle explained as being due to the wood having the property of “levity”! In both cases the focus is           ③ exclusively on the object, with no attention paid to the possibility that some force outside the object might be relevant. But the Chinese saw the world as consisting of continuously interacting substances, so their attempts to understand it ④ causing them to be oriented toward the complexities of the entire “field,” that is, the context or environment as a whole. The notion ⑤ that events always occur in a field of forces would have been completely intuitive to the Chinese.

* salient 현저한, 두드러진

** levity 가벼움

2017학년도 7월 교육청 28

0101 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

Humans usually experience sound as the result of vibrations in air or water. Although sound that humans can sense ① is usually carried through these media, vibrations can also travel through soil, including rocks. Thus, sound can travel through a variety of substances with different densities, and the physical characteristics of the medium through which the sound travels have a major influence on ② how the sound can be used. For instance, it requires more energy to make water vibrate than to vibrate air, and it requires a great deal of energy to make soil vibrate. Thus, the use of vibrations in communication ③ depending on the ability of the sender to make a substance vibrate. Because of this, large animals such as elephants are more likely than small animals ④ to use vibrations in the soil for communication. In addition, the speed ⑤ at which sound travels depends on the density of the medium which it is traveling through.

2017학년도 4월 교육청 28

0102 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

We all want to believe that our brains sort through information in the most rational way ① possible. On the contrary, countless studies show that there are many weaknesses of human reasoning. Common weaknesses in reasoning ② exist across people of all ages and educational backgrounds. For example, confirmation bias is ubiquitous. People pay attention to information that supports their viewpoints, while ③ ignoring evidence to the contrary. Confirmation bias is not the same as being stubborn, and is not constrained to issues ④ about which people have strong opinions. Instead, it acts at a subconscious level to control the way we gather and filter information. Most of us are not aware of these types of flaws in our reasoning processes, but professionals who work to convince us of certain viewpoints ⑤ to study the research on human decision making to determine how to exploit our weaknesses to make us more susceptible to their messages.

* ubiquitous: 아주 흔한

2016학년도 6월 평가원 28

0103 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

An independent artist is probably the one ① who lives closest to an unbounded creative situation. Many artists have considerable freedom from external requirements about what to do, how to do it, when to do it, and why. At the same time, however, we know that artists usually limit themselves quite ② forcefully by choice of material and form of expression. To make the choice to express a feeling by carving a specific form from a rock, without the use of high technology or colors, ③ restricting the artist significantly. Such choices are not made to limit creativity, but rather to cultivate ④ it. When everything is possible, creativity has no tension. Creativity is strange in that it finds its way in any kind of situation, no matter how restricted, just as the same amount of water flows faster and stronger through a narrow strait ⑤ than across the open sea.

2015학년도 수능 28

0104 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

During the early stages when the aquaculture industry was rapidly expanding, mistakes were made and these were costly both in terms of direct losses and in respect of the industry’s image. High-density rearing led to outbreaks of infectious diseases that in some cases ① devastated not just the caged fish, but local wild fish populations too. The negative impact on local wildlife inhabiting areas ② close to the fish farms continues to be an ongoing public relations problem for the industry. Furthermore, a general lack of knowledge and insufficient care being taken when fish pens were initially constructed ③ meaning that pollution from excess feed and fish waste created huge barren underwater deserts. These were costly lessons to learn, but now stricter regulations are in place to ensure that fish pens are placed in sites ④ where there is good water flow to remove fish waste. This, in addition to other methods that decrease the overall amount of uneaten food, ⑤ has helped aquaculture to clean up its act.

2015학년도 7월 교육청 24

0105 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

Not many years ago, schoolchildren were taught that carbon dioxide is the ① naturally occurring lifeblood of plants, just as oxygen is ours. Today, children are more likely to think of carbon dioxide as a poison. That’s because the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere ② has increased substantially over the past one hundred years, from about 280 parts per million to 380. But what people don’t know is that the carbon dioxide level some 80 million years ago ― back when our mammalian ancestors were evolving ― ③ to be at least 1,000 parts per million. In fact, that is the concentration of carbon dioxide you regularly breathe if you work in a new energy-efficient office building, for ④ that is the level established by the engineering group that sets standards for heating and ventilation systems. So not only ⑤ is carbon dioxide plainly not poisonous, but changes in carbon dioxide levels don’t necessarily mirror human activity. Nor has atmospheric carbon dioxide necessarily been the trigger for global warming historically.

2015학년도 3월 교육청 25

0106 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

I remember one of the smartest I.T. executives ① for whom I ever worked strongly resisting the movement to measure programmer productivity that was popular at the time. He was fond of saying that the biggest problem with managing computer programmers is that you  can  never  tell  ② whether they are working by looking at them. Picture two programmers working side by side. One is leaning back in his chair with his eyes ③ closed and his feet on the desk. The other is working hard, typing code into his computer. The one with his feet up could be thinking, and the other one may be too busy typing ④ to give it enough thought. In the end, the busy typist could well produce ten times as many lines of code as the thinker, which contain twice as many new problems as the thinker’s. Unfortunately, most of the productivity measurement schemes I have encountered ⑤ measuring effort or apparent activity. They would reward him and punish his thoughtful neighbor.

2014학년도 수능 B 27

0107 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

Oxygen is what it is all about. Ironically, the stuff that gives us life eventually kills it. The ultimate life force lies in tiny cellular factories of energy, called mitochondria, ① that burn nearly all the oxygen we breathe in. But breathing has a price. The combustion of oxygen that keeps us alive and active ② sending out by-products called oxygen free radicals. They have  Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde characteristics. On the one hand, they help guarantee our survival. For example, when the body mobilizes ③ to fight  off infectious agents, it generates a burst of free radicals to destroy the invaders very efficiently. On the other hand, free radicals move ④ uncontrollably through the body, attacking cells, rusting their proteins, piercing their membranes and corrupting their genetic code until the cells become dysfunctional and sometimes give up and die. These fierce  radicals, ⑤ built into life as both protectors and avengers, are potent agents of aging.

2014학년도 10월 교육청 A 27

0108 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

Don’t be afraid to move around and try different things, ① however old you are. The most important thing you want to find out is who you are and what capabilities you have. Give yourself a time limit to dig into yourself and find out ② what you need. In this period, there is no way around it, so you have to be a risk taker. If you don’t take any risks, you don’t get any sweetness out of life. And the truth of the matter is that the sweetness in life ③ comes with the risk. I’ve lived my life ④ taking risks and I wish I could tell you they were all successful, but they weren’t. But you want to know something? I learned more from my failures than I ⑤ was from my successes.

2014년 7월 교육청 B 27

0109 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

William H. Whyte turned video cameras on a number of spaces in New York City, watching to see ① how people used the spaces. He made a  number of fascinating findings, and he had the video evidence to back ② them up. Even in the crowded city, he found that many urban spaces were usually deserted; people flocked to a few busy plazas even when they  were planning to sit alone. Why? The most common activity among people observed by Whyte ③ turning out to be watching other people. And it  was  also found that people liked to be watched! Whyte expected lovers to ④ be found in private, isolated spaces, but most often they sat or stood right in the center of things for everyone to see. Further, people having private conversations would stand in the middle of the sidewalk, forcing people ⑤ to step around them.

2014년 4월 교육청 B 27

0110 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

While digital production on tape has grown quickly and steadily, there are some notable holdouts in areas of production ① in which film is still largely preferred for image capture. Put simply, the picture on film still always looks better and more nuanced visually. Once ② captured on celluloid with the film look, such footage must then be transferred to a digital tape format for editing. High-end commercials for many products promoted across the nation, for example, still ③ are often shot on film. Here the preference for the film look in glossy national advertising campaigns ④ prevailing. Nonetheless, television producers have widely accepted that it is the use of camera lenses ⑤ that more fully determines the “look” of any picture than whether it is recorded digitally or on celluloid.